਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} ਍⸀䌀㄀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀　　㘀㘀䌀䌀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} ਍⸀䌀伀一吀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 爀椀最栀琀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀䘀䘀　　　　㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ ਍㰀䴀䔀吀䄀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀∀挀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀∀ 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀唀吀䘀ⴀ㠀∀㸀㰀⼀䠀䔀䄀䐀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀䘀伀一吀 䄀䰀䤀䜀一㴀∀䨀唀匀吀䤀䘀夀∀ 䘀䄀䌀䔀㴀∀吀愀栀漀洀愀∀㸀ഀഀ

AKBAR KHĀN, MUHAMMAD (d. 1848), son of Dost Muhammad Khān, the ruler of Afghanistan. He was a fiery young man of great dash and daring. Like his father, he was keen to regain the Afghān possessions in India - Multān, Kashmīr, Attock and Peshāwar. In 1837, Dost Muhammad Khān declared a holy war against the Sikhs and attacked the fortress of Jamrūd at the entrance to the Khaibar Pass. An attack led by Akbar Khān was repulsed, though the valiant Sikh general, Harī Siṅgh Nalvā, was killed in the action. After the assassination of Mahārājā Sher Siṅgh in September 1843, Akbar Khān's ambition to recover Peshāwar was revived. Early in 1844 he set up his camp at Jalālābād and began to make preparations for an attack on Peshāwar, but failed to take possession of the city. He died in 1848.

਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ

਍䈀䤀䈀䰀䤀伀䜀刀䄀倀䠀夀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀㰀漀氀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 匀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀Ⰰ 匀漀栀愀渀 䰀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀✀唀洀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀ⴀ甀琀ⴀ吀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䰀愀栀漀爀攀Ⰰ ㄀㠀㠀㔀ⴀ㠀㤀⸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

  • Gupta, Hari Ram, Panjab on the Eve of First Sikh War. Chandigarh, 1975
    ਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䠀愀猀爀愀琀Ⰰ 䈀椀欀爀愀洀愀 䨀椀琀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀䰀椀昀攀 愀渀搀 吀椀洀攀猀 漀昀 刀愀渀樀椀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䠀漀猀栀椀愀爀瀀甀爀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㜀㜀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

    Sardār Siṅgh Bhāṭīā


    ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀䠀吀䴀䰀㸀㰀⼀䈀伀䐀夀㸀ഀഀ